Re: [PATCH] printk: fold consecutive duplicate messages

From: kernel test robot

Date: Wed Sep 23 2026 - 17:01:02 EST


Hi 林濬哲,

kernel test robot noticed the following build warnings:

[auto build test WARNING on linus/master]
[also build test WARNING on v7.3-rc4 next-20260922]
[If your patch is applied to the wrong git tree, kindly drop us a note.
And when submitting patch, we suggest to use '--base' as documented in
https://git-scm.com/docs/git-format-patch#_base_tree_information]

url: https://github.com/intel-lab-lkp/linux/commits/printk-fold-consecutive-duplicate-messages/20260921-130304
base: linus/master
patch link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260921050304.73440-1-m18667909625%40163.com
patch subject: [PATCH] printk: fold consecutive duplicate messages
config: arc-randconfig-1000-20260924 (https://download.01.org/0day-ci/archive/20260924/202609240431.W97eMUgr-lkp@xxxxxxxxx/config)
compiler: arc-linux-gcc (GCC) 12.5.0
reproduce (this is a W=1 build): (https://download.01.org/0day-ci/archive/20260924/202609240431.W97eMUgr-lkp@xxxxxxxxx/reproduce)

If you fix the issue in a separate patch/commit (i.e. not just a new version of
the same patch/commit), kindly add following tags
| Reported-by: kernel test robot <lkp@xxxxxxxxx>
| Closes: https://lore.kernel.org/oe-kbuild-all/202609240431.W97eMUgr-lkp@xxxxxxxxx/

All warnings (new ones prefixed by >>):

>> kernel/printk/printk.c:134:13: warning: 'outputs_dedupe' defined but not used [-Wunused-function]
134 | static bool outputs_dedupe(int facility, int level, const char *fmt)
| ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~


vim +/outputs_dedupe +134 kernel/printk/printk.c

124
125 /*
126 * Detect consecutive duplicate printk messages and fold them away.
127 * Returns true if this message should be dropped.
128 *
129 * The dedup key is built from facility, level and the format string.
130 * Format parameters are intentionally not part of the key: va_list
131 * can only be consumed once, and hashing rendered text would put
132 * string comparisons on the printk fast path.
133 */
> 134 static bool outputs_dedupe(int facility, int level, const char *fmt)
135 {
136 unsigned long flags;
137 bool drop;
138 u64 now;
139 u32 key;
140 u32 n;
141
142 /* error and above must never be folded */
143 if (level <= LOGLEVEL_ERR || !printk_dedup)
144 return false;
145
146 key = hash_64((unsigned long)(fmt ? : ""), 32) ^
147 hash_32(facility ^ level, 32);
148 now = ktime_get_ns();
149
150 raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&dedup_lock, flags);
151
152 if (dedup_active && key == dedup_last_key) {
153 dedup_repeat++;
154 /*
155 * Force a flush when 10 repeats have accumulated or
156 * the 1s window has elapsed, so the summary shows up.
157 */
158 if (dedup_repeat >= 10 ||
159 now - dedup_window_start > PRINTK_DEDUP_WINDOW_NS) {
160 n = dedup_repeat;
161 dedup_repeat = 0;
162 dedup_window_start = now;
163 drop = false;
164 } else {
165 drop = true;
166 }
167 } else {
168 if (dedup_active && dedup_repeat) {
169 n = dedup_repeat;
170 drop = false;
171 } else {
172 n = 0;
173 drop = false;
174 }
175 dedup_last_key = key;
176 dedup_repeat = 0;
177 dedup_window_start = now;
178 dedup_active = true;
179 }
180
181 raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&dedup_lock, flags);
182
183 /*
184 * Print only after dropping the lock: pr_info() re-enters
185 * vprintk_emit() and would deadlock on dedup_lock otherwise.
186 */
187 if (n)
188 pr_info("last message repeated %u times\n", n);
189
190 return drop;
191 }
192

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