[PATCH v5 1/6] KVM: guest_memfd: Gracefully handle xarray errors when binding a memslot

[Sean Christopherson]

If inserting a memslot into a guest_memfd's bindings xarray fails,
propagate the error back to the caller, i.e. fail memslot creation as well.
Signalling success and continuing on with memslot creation results in
use-after-free, as the guest_memfd instance will remain reachable via the
memslot after the file is freed (kvm_gmem_release() won't nullify the file
pointer due to lack of a valid binding).

Opportunistically WARN and reject binding if KVM_MEMSLOT_GMEM_ONLY is
already set, partly to guard against goofs elsewhere, but mostly so that
KVM doesn't need to worry about clobbering flags when unwinding on failure.

Regarding the unwind, the slot must be fully prepared before inserting it
into the bindings, at which point the slot becomes reachable.  I.e. waiting
to update the slot in order to avoid the ugly unwind isn't an option.  And
as part of the unwind, explicitly nullify the relevant bindings, as xarray
can store a subset of entries when populating a range.

Fixes: a7800aa80ea4 ("KVM: Add KVM_CREATE_GUEST_MEMFD ioctl() for guest-specific backing memory")
Cc: stable@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Reported-by: Stefan Teodorescu <fane@xxxxxxxxxx>
Reported-by: Dennis Tighe <dtighe@xxxxxxxxxx>
Reported-by: Sashiko Bot <sashiko-bot@xxxxxxxxxx>
Closes: https://lore.kernel.org/all/20260823135031.4F6DC1F000E9%40smtp.kernel.org
Reviewed-by: David Hildenbrand (Arm) <david@xxxxxxxxxx>
Reviewed-by: Ackerley Tng <ackerleytng@xxxxxxxxxx>
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@xxxxxxxxxx>
---
 virt/kvm/guest_memfd.c | 12 ++++++++++--
 1 file changed, 10 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/virt/kvm/guest_memfd.c b/virt/kvm/guest_memfd.c
index 63943aa253d4..c094611f7c7a 100644
--- a/virt/kvm/guest_memfd.c
+++ b/virt/kvm/guest_memfd.c
@@ -654,6 +654,9 @@ int kvm_gmem_bind(struct kvm *kvm, struct kvm_memory_slot *slot,
 	BUILD_BUG_ON(sizeof(gpa_t) != sizeof(offset));
 	BUILD_BUG_ON(sizeof(gfn_t) != sizeof(slot->gmem.pgoff));
 
+	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(slot->flags & KVM_MEMSLOT_GMEM_ONLY))
+		return -EINVAL;
+
 	file = fget(fd);
 	if (!file)
 		return -EBADF;
@@ -692,7 +695,13 @@ int kvm_gmem_bind(struct kvm *kvm, struct kvm_memory_slot *slot,
 	if (kvm_gmem_supports_mmap(inode))
 		slot->flags |= KVM_MEMSLOT_GMEM_ONLY;
 
-	xa_store_range(&f->bindings, start, end - 1, slot, GFP_KERNEL);
+	r = xa_err(xa_store_range(&f->bindings, start, end - 1, slot, GFP_KERNEL));
+	if (r) {
+		xa_store_range(&f->bindings, start, end - 1, NULL, GFP_KERNEL);
+		slot->gmem.file = NULL;
+		slot->gmem.pgoff = 0;
+		slot->flags &= ~KVM_MEMSLOT_GMEM_ONLY;
+	}
 	filemap_invalidate_unlock(inode->i_mapping);
 
 	/*
@@ -700,7 +709,6 @@ int kvm_gmem_bind(struct kvm *kvm, struct kvm_memory_slot *slot,
 	 * not the other way 'round.  Active bindings are invalidated if the
 	 * file is closed before memslots are destroyed.
 	 */
-	r = 0;
 err:
 	fput(file);
 	return r;
-- 
2.55.0.1082.g2b9226bbc0-goog