[PATCH 2/5] KVM: riscv: Use an rwlock for mmu_lock

From: Jinyu Tang

Date: Sun May 17 2026 - 11:37:43 EST


RISC-V KVM currently uses a spinlock for mmu_lock. That serializes all
G-stage MMU operations, including permission-only updates that do not
allocate or free page-table pages.

Use KVM's rwlock form of mmu_lock, as x86 and arm64 already do. Keep the
existing map, unmap and teardown paths on the write side. This prepares
RISC-V for read-side handling of G-stage permission updates.

Signed-off-by: Jinyu Tang <tjytimi@xxxxxxx>
---
arch/riscv/include/asm/kvm_host.h | 2 ++
arch/riscv/kvm/gstage.c | 2 +-
arch/riscv/kvm/mmu.c | 24 ++++++++++++------------
3 files changed, 15 insertions(+), 13 deletions(-)

diff --git a/arch/riscv/include/asm/kvm_host.h b/arch/riscv/include/asm/kvm_host.h
index 75b0a951c..60017ceec 100644
--- a/arch/riscv/include/asm/kvm_host.h
+++ b/arch/riscv/include/asm/kvm_host.h
@@ -48,6 +48,8 @@

#define __KVM_HAVE_ARCH_FLUSH_REMOTE_TLBS_RANGE

+#define KVM_HAVE_MMU_RWLOCK
+
#define KVM_DIRTY_LOG_MANUAL_CAPS (KVM_DIRTY_LOG_MANUAL_PROTECT_ENABLE | \
KVM_DIRTY_LOG_INITIALLY_SET)

diff --git a/arch/riscv/kvm/gstage.c b/arch/riscv/kvm/gstage.c
index d9fe8be2a..6f934cb4a 100644
--- a/arch/riscv/kvm/gstage.c
+++ b/arch/riscv/kvm/gstage.c
@@ -410,7 +410,7 @@ void kvm_riscv_gstage_unmap_range(struct kvm_gstage *gstage,
* to prevent starvation and lockup detector warnings.
*/
if (!(gstage->flags & KVM_GSTAGE_FLAGS_LOCAL) && may_block && addr < end)
- cond_resched_lock(&gstage->kvm->mmu_lock);
+ cond_resched_rwlock_write(&gstage->kvm->mmu_lock);
}
}

diff --git a/arch/riscv/kvm/mmu.c b/arch/riscv/kvm/mmu.c
index 0197e41fc..48f16e52f 100644
--- a/arch/riscv/kvm/mmu.c
+++ b/arch/riscv/kvm/mmu.c
@@ -26,9 +26,9 @@ static void mmu_wp_memory_region(struct kvm *kvm, int slot)

kvm_riscv_gstage_init(&gstage, kvm);

- spin_lock(&kvm->mmu_lock);
+ write_lock(&kvm->mmu_lock);
kvm_riscv_gstage_wp_range(&gstage, start, end);
- spin_unlock(&kvm->mmu_lock);
+ write_unlock(&kvm->mmu_lock);
kvm_flush_remote_tlbs_memslot(kvm, memslot);
}

@@ -65,9 +65,9 @@ int kvm_riscv_mmu_ioremap(struct kvm *kvm, gpa_t gpa, phys_addr_t hpa,
if (ret)
goto out;

- spin_lock(&kvm->mmu_lock);
+ write_lock(&kvm->mmu_lock);
ret = kvm_riscv_gstage_set_pte(&gstage, &pcache, &map);
- spin_unlock(&kvm->mmu_lock);
+ write_unlock(&kvm->mmu_lock);
if (ret)
goto out;

@@ -85,9 +85,9 @@ void kvm_riscv_mmu_iounmap(struct kvm *kvm, gpa_t gpa, unsigned long size)

kvm_riscv_gstage_init(&gstage, kvm);

- spin_lock(&kvm->mmu_lock);
+ write_lock(&kvm->mmu_lock);
kvm_riscv_gstage_unmap_range(&gstage, gpa, size, false);
- spin_unlock(&kvm->mmu_lock);
+ write_unlock(&kvm->mmu_lock);
}

void kvm_arch_mmu_enable_log_dirty_pt_masked(struct kvm *kvm,
@@ -131,9 +131,9 @@ void kvm_arch_flush_shadow_memslot(struct kvm *kvm,

kvm_riscv_gstage_init(&gstage, kvm);

- spin_lock(&kvm->mmu_lock);
+ write_lock(&kvm->mmu_lock);
kvm_riscv_gstage_unmap_range(&gstage, gpa, size, false);
- spin_unlock(&kvm->mmu_lock);
+ write_unlock(&kvm->mmu_lock);
}

void kvm_arch_commit_memory_region(struct kvm *kvm,
@@ -504,7 +504,7 @@ int kvm_riscv_mmu_map(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, struct kvm_memory_slot *memslot,
if (logging && !is_write)
writable = false;

- spin_lock(&kvm->mmu_lock);
+ write_lock(&kvm->mmu_lock);

if (mmu_invalidate_retry(kvm, mmu_seq))
goto out_unlock;
@@ -527,7 +527,7 @@ int kvm_riscv_mmu_map(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, struct kvm_memory_slot *memslot,

out_unlock:
kvm_release_faultin_page(kvm, page, ret && ret != -EEXIST, writable);
- spin_unlock(&kvm->mmu_lock);
+ write_unlock(&kvm->mmu_lock);
return ret;
}

@@ -556,7 +556,7 @@ void kvm_riscv_mmu_free_pgd(struct kvm *kvm)
struct kvm_gstage gstage;
void *pgd = NULL;

- spin_lock(&kvm->mmu_lock);
+ write_lock(&kvm->mmu_lock);
if (kvm->arch.pgd) {
kvm_riscv_gstage_init(&gstage, kvm);
kvm_riscv_gstage_unmap_range(&gstage, 0UL,
@@ -566,7 +566,7 @@ void kvm_riscv_mmu_free_pgd(struct kvm *kvm)
kvm->arch.pgd_phys = 0;
kvm->arch.pgd_levels = 0;
}
- spin_unlock(&kvm->mmu_lock);
+ write_unlock(&kvm->mmu_lock);

if (pgd)
free_pages((unsigned long)pgd, get_order(kvm_riscv_gstage_pgd_size));
--
2.43.0