[PATCH v2 8/8] firmware: smccc: lfa: introduce SMC access lock
From: Andre Przywara
Date: Tue Mar 17 2026 - 06:43:46 EST
After a successful live activation, the list of firmware images might
change, which also affects the sequence IDs. We store the sequence
ID in a data structure and connect it to its GUID, which is the
identifier used to access certain image properties from userland.
When an activation is happening, the sequence ID associations might
change at any point, so we must be sure to not use any previously
learned sequence ID during this time.
Protect the association between a sequence ID and a firmware image
(its GUID, really) by a reader/writer lock. In this case it's a R/W
semaphore, so it can sleep and we can hold it for longer, also
concurrent SMC calls are not blocked on each other, it's just an
activation that blocks calls.
Signed-off-by: Andre Przywara <andre.przywara@xxxxxxx>
---
drivers/firmware/smccc/lfa_fw.c | 38 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++--
1 file changed, 36 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)
diff --git a/drivers/firmware/smccc/lfa_fw.c b/drivers/firmware/smccc/lfa_fw.c
index ecd056901b8d..663ba79f0713 100644
--- a/drivers/firmware/smccc/lfa_fw.c
+++ b/drivers/firmware/smccc/lfa_fw.c
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@
#include <linux/of.h>
#include <linux/of_irq.h>
#include <linux/psci.h>
+#include <linux/rwsem.h>
#include <linux/stop_machine.h>
#include <linux/string.h>
#include <linux/sysfs.h>
@@ -157,6 +158,16 @@ static struct workqueue_struct *fw_images_update_wq;
static struct work_struct fw_images_update_work;
static struct attribute *image_default_attrs[LFA_ATTR_NR_IMAGES + 1];
+/*
+ * A successful image activation might change the number of available images,
+ * leading to a re-order and thus re-assignment of the sequence IDs.
+ * The lock protects the connection between a firmware image (through its
+ * user visible UUID) and the sequence IDs. Anyone doing an SMC call with
+ * a sequence ID needs to take the readers lock. Doing an activation requires
+ * the writer lock, as that process might change the assocications.
+ */
+struct rw_semaphore smc_lock;
+
static const struct attribute_group image_attr_group = {
.attrs = image_default_attrs,
};
@@ -253,6 +264,7 @@ static unsigned long get_nr_lfa_components(void)
reg.a0 = LFA_1_0_FN_GET_INFO;
reg.a1 = 0; /* lfa_info_selector = 0 */
+ /* No need for the smc_lock, since no sequence IDs are involved. */
arm_smccc_1_2_invoke(®, ®);
if (reg.a0 != LFA_SUCCESS)
return reg.a0;
@@ -265,9 +277,11 @@ static int lfa_cancel(void *data)
struct fw_image *image = data;
struct arm_smccc_1_2_regs reg = { 0 };
+ down_read(&smc_lock);
reg.a0 = LFA_1_0_FN_CANCEL;
reg.a1 = image->fw_seq_id;
arm_smccc_1_2_invoke(®, ®);
+ up_read(&smc_lock);
/*
* When firmware activation is called with "skip_cpu_rendezvous=1",
@@ -332,6 +346,7 @@ static int activate_fw_image(struct fw_image *image)
int ret;
retry:
+ down_write(&smc_lock);
if (image->cpu_rendezvous_forced || image->cpu_rendezvous)
ret = stop_machine(call_lfa_activate, image, cpu_online_mask);
else
@@ -339,10 +354,13 @@ static int activate_fw_image(struct fw_image *image)
if (!ret) {
update_fw_images_tree();
+ up_write(&smc_lock);
return 0;
}
+ up_write(&smc_lock);
+
if (ret == -LFA_CALL_AGAIN) {
/* SMC returned with call_again flag set */
if (ktime_before(ktime_get(), end)) {
@@ -383,8 +401,11 @@ static int prime_fw_image(struct fw_image *image)
* be called again.
* reg.a1 will become 0 once the prime process completes.
*/
+ down_read(&smc_lock);
reg.a1 = image->fw_seq_id;
arm_smccc_1_2_invoke(®, &res);
+ up_read(&smc_lock);
+
if ((long)res.a0 < 0) {
pr_err("LFA_PRIME for image %s failed: %s\n",
get_image_name(image),
@@ -429,7 +450,7 @@ static ssize_t activation_capable_show(struct kobject *kobj,
return sysfs_emit(buf, "%d\n", image->activation_capable);
}
-static void update_fw_image_pending(struct fw_image *image)
+static void _update_fw_image_pending(struct fw_image *image)
{
struct arm_smccc_1_2_regs reg = { 0 };
@@ -441,6 +462,13 @@ static void update_fw_image_pending(struct fw_image *image)
image->activation_pending = !!(reg.a3 & BIT(1));
}
+static void update_fw_image_pending(struct fw_image *image)
+{
+ down_read(&smc_lock);
+ _update_fw_image_pending(image);
+ up_read(&smc_lock);
+}
+
static ssize_t activation_pending_show(struct kobject *kobj,
struct kobj_attribute *attr, char *buf)
{
@@ -515,9 +543,11 @@ static ssize_t pending_version_show(struct kobject *kobj,
* Similar to activation pending, this value can change following an
* update, we need to retrieve fresh info instead of stale information.
*/
+ down_read(&smc_lock);
reg.a0 = LFA_1_0_FN_GET_INVENTORY;
reg.a1 = image->fw_seq_id;
arm_smccc_1_2_invoke(®, ®);
+ up_read(&smc_lock);
if (reg.a0 == LFA_SUCCESS) {
if (reg.a5 != 0 && image->activation_pending) {
u32 maj, min;
@@ -749,6 +779,7 @@ static int activate_pending_image(void)
struct fw_image *image;
int ret;
+ down_read(&smc_lock);
spin_lock(&lfa_kset->list_lock);
list_for_each_entry(kobj, &lfa_kset->list, entry) {
image = kobj_to_fw_image(kobj);
@@ -756,7 +787,7 @@ static int activate_pending_image(void)
if (image->fw_seq_id == -1)
continue; /* Invalid FW component */
- update_fw_image_pending(image);
+ _update_fw_image_pending(image);
if (image->activation_capable && image->activation_pending &&
image->auto_activate) {
found_pending = true;
@@ -764,6 +795,7 @@ static int activate_pending_image(void)
}
}
spin_unlock(&lfa_kset->list_lock);
+ up_read(&smc_lock);
if (!found_pending)
return -ENOENT;
@@ -950,6 +982,8 @@ static int __init lfa_init(void)
*/
lfa_dev = faux_device_create("arm-lfa", NULL, &lfa_device_ops);
+ init_rwsem(&smc_lock);
+
err = update_fw_images_tree();
if (err != 0) {
kset_unregister(lfa_kset);
--
2.43.0